The effect of arginine pretreatment on germination, growth and Physiological parameters in the increase of low temperature tolerance in Pistacia vera L. in vitro culture

cold stress is one of the important factors which will reduce crop yield and fruit production in world. Early spring cooling and freezing weather is mostly. Possible this may considerable damage pistachio productions and farmer will lose most of their profit. Therefore study which show how pistachio plant cope freezing weather is valuable and important. The special role of amino acid in plant response stress full condition is quite clear. Therefore we investigated the unique physiological role of amino acid (Arginine) in inducing cold tolerance in pistachio seedlings under in vitro conditions. The results showed that when seedlings were exposed to freezing stress (-6 o C) significant increasing in prolin, phenols, protein oxidation and reduction in soluble sugars content was observed. Arginine pretreatment slightly reduced in prolin, phenols, protein oxidation and increased in soluble sugars content. Using inhibitor of the NO production pathway (LNAM) showed that NO had important effect reduction of protein oxidation.